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Small calorie (cal) is the energy needed to increase 1 gram of water by 1°C at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
Large calorie (Cal) is the energy needed to increase 1 kg of water by 1°C at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
Large calorie is also called food calorie and is used as a unit of food energy.
1 calth = 4.184 J
The energy in joules E(J) is equal to 4.184 times the energy in thermochemical calories E(calth):
E(J) = 4.184 × E(calth)